What is extravasation?

Contrast dyes are usually given to patients having a CT or MRI scan by injection into a vein in your arm or hand. Occasionally the injection may leak out from the vein to the tissues under the skin – this is known as extravasation. If this has happened, you will experience a stinging sensation where the contrast has gone into the tissue and it can be painful. You may also have some swelling of the arm or hand – please read the paragraph below on what to do if this happens.

Sometimes you may need another injection of contrast and if necessary, this will be discussed with you.

 

What will happen if there has been a leak?

The radiographer/nurse will massage and elevate your arm as soon as the leak happens. A cold compress will be applied to the area if required and, if possible, we will then continue with the scan. A Radiologist will examine you before you leave the department. The care you receive will be fully documented on the department CRIS system.

 

Is there anything I can do at home?

  • Massage the area where the contrast has gone into the tissue.
  • If there is swelling:
    • Elevate the affected arm as much as possible. At night, keep it elevated on two pillows (you should continue to do this until the swelling has gone down.)
    • Use an ice-pack or a bag of frozen vegetables wrapped in a clean towel over the site. Never place ice directly on skin as it may cause frostbite, and do not leave it on for more than 15 minutes at a time
    • If the area is painful, take your usual painkillers

 

Is there anything I need to look out for?

In most cases this is a minor injury and does not require any treatment. However, in a small number of cases the injury is more severe and you will need to seek medical attention from your

GP or your nearest Emergency Department (A&E).

Important

If you experience any of the following symptoms, you should seek advice from your GP.

or attend your nearest Emergency Department (A&E) and take this leaflet with you:

  • The pain becomes more severe and is not controlled by simple painkillers
  • There is increased swelling of the arm or hand
  • The arm or hand changes in colour
  • There are pins and needles or altered sensation in the arm or hand
  • There is blistering or ulceration of the skin around the injection site